(This article is part of a series that starts here.)

My definition of a Christian disciple distinguishes Christianity from other beliefs, but it does not articulate everything needed to get a person saved, and so it seems incomplete. When I go through a gospel presentation, am I telling a person everything they need to know to get into the kingdom? Or is the prayer I am leading them through only leading them to a false idea of Christianity?

For example, one gospel presentation I was taught was the “Roman Road,” which uses three verses to explain the gospel and lead people to Christ: Rom 3:23, 6:23, 10:9-10. But do these three verses contain everything we need to believe to truly call ourselves Christians?

Norman Geisler and Chad Meister’s book Reasons for Faith identifies the beliefs that are essential to be true for Christianity to be true, and then breaks them down further to a shorter list of those that a person must believe in order to be saved. In other words, some beliefs must be true but we do not necessarily have to believe them, or understand them fully, to be saved. I want to focus on what we must know and believe so that we can check our own beliefs and also be equipped to help lead others to Christ more effectively. With this in mind, I summarized these beliefs below, followed by a detailed explanation with verse references.

I believe:

There is one God, and Jesus is both fully God and fully human.

Every person is sinful and therefore deserves death, but Jesus paid this death penalty for our sin on the cross and then demonstrated power over sin and death by rising from death back to life.

This sacrifice is God’s grace gift for the forgiveness of our sin, and this gift of grace is received by having faith.

These are the elements we must have in explaining the full gospel of Christ:

There is one God. Deuteronomy 6:4 says, “Listen, Israel: The Lord is our God, the Lord is one!” (NET) The Hebrew looks more like this: “Pay close attention, Israel: YHWH God, YHWH one.” This is a simple and powerful statement saying there is only one true, almighty, and sovereign God. To understand this, we each need to understand what God is to us. We all drift toward our small gods, believing in some outside force that has influence over us but not complete control, and allowing our devotion and trust to fall on aspects of the world around us. Christians must not only know that God is the one and only God, Isa 45:5, the creator of everything, Heb 11:3, the beginning and the end, Rev 22:13, and that he is complete in his sovereignty over all the universe, Col 1:18, we must also pay special attention to ensuring our life reflects this knowledge in everything we do, say, and even think, Matt 5:21-48.

Jesus is fully human. Jesus is fully God. Jesus must be more than a human teacher, and at the same time calling him a deity is not enough to adequately describe him. The first chapter of John’s gospel, John 1:1-3, makes it clear that Jesus took part in the creation of the universe, in everything that was made, meaning he helped create you! But he was also flesh and blood like us, John 1:14 & Heb 2:17, humbling himself to take on our weaknesses in order to be a perfect, eternal high priest on our behalf, Heb 6:19-20. What separates his flesh from ours is that he was born of God and not a man, Luke 1:35, and therefore did not inherit Adam’s sin.(1)

We all have sinned and deserve death. Everyone has sinned and falls short of the glory of God, Rom 3:23, and this sin requires death as punishment, Rom 6:23. It is a common thing to minimize our sin, but this is a mistake. We must recognize the evil in what we do and say and think, Matt 5:21-48, acknowledging the vast difference between our perfectly righteous and holy God and us, and accept that the only just punishment is death, Eph 2:1-2, 12. This is a penalty that must be paid, in order for justice to be satisfied, Heb 9:12-15.

Jesus paid the penalty of our sins on the cross. Because he was fully human and subject to our weaknesses, and yet without sin, 2 Cor 5:21, Jesus’s death on the cross is the perfect sacrifice for our sins, the complete payment of our debt, Heb 9:14, satisfying justice regarding our sin. There is nothing more that needs to be done or can be done about sin, it is wholly wrapped up and finished on the cross, Col 2:13-15, leaving no room for works that earn salvation, Eph 2:8-9, nor for guilt or self-condemnation, Psa 32:5.

Jesus rose from death back to life in bodily form. More than a spirit, a ghost, or a dream, Jesus demonstrated this by eating food with them and having people touch him, Luke 24:36-43, and many people witnessed his resurrection, Acts 1:3. Jesus rose from the dead to demonstrate his power over death and his deity, Eph 1:18-23, and to give us the hope of a future resurrection, Rom 6:5. His resurrection is so important, believing it is specifically mentioned as a requirement for salvation, Rom 10:9.

We all need grace. We are not able to live the life and pay the penalty that Jesus did, we all already failed, Isa 64:6. Therefore, we need the gift of forgiveness given to us, we need access to Christ’s paid penalty of sin. Just because he paid the penalty doesn’t mean he paid it for me, his blood only covers me via grace. This grace is the free gift of forgiveness and salvation, Rom 3:24. Grace is the means of forgiveness because we did not earn it and cannot attain it on our own, Eph 2:9. Grace puts us in the humble position of having to accept what another did for us. Grace is the gift offered, faith is the gift accepted, Eph 2:8.

We all need faith. Everyone has the option of refusing the gift of grace (Esau, Judas). Accepting it is an act of faith, it is the “I believe,” Rom 10:8-10, and it is how we access what Jesus did for us, John 6:47. This does not mean that we fully understand it or can explain it, Phil 3:15-16, but simply that we believe and agree to live according to these truths, Rom 1:17. Further, to keep us humble, all of us will, from time to time, be faithless and fearful and backslide into sinfulness, yet God remains faithful to draw us back to him, 2 Tim 2:11-13.

My conclusion is that most gospel presentations, the Roman Road included, do not include all the truths necessary to adequately lead someone to Christ. That being said, my wife became a Christian without believing that Jesus was God, but when someone confronted her on this issue, he easily convinced her of this truth. Why? Because she was saved, the Spirit of Christ was dwelling within her, and God lead her to that conversation with that man so that her faith would be made complete. This happened in the Bible, when Aquila and Priscilla had to explain to Apollos the full gospel, Acts 18:24-26, and when Paul met some men who had only heard of John’s baptism, Acts 19:1-7.

Therefore, I do not want to discourage anyone in using these helpful gospel presentations, but I do want to encourage everyone to better understand their faith so that all of us can more effectively sharpen one another, Prov 27:17. I hope this was helpful. I know I enjoyed studying the essential beliefs of my faith.

Blessings! – Shamar Covenant

(1) Geisler, Norman & Meister, Chad, editors. Reasons for Faith. Wheaton Illinois: Crossway Books, 2007. Kindle edition. p 98-99